福岡県農業総合試験場研究報告22(2003) pp 90 - 94
秋ギク‘神馬’の点滴かん水施肥栽培における生育時期別の施肥量
森山友幸・姫野修一・井手 治
（園芸研究所）
福岡県のキク主要品種‘神馬’の1〜2月出し栽培における点滴かん水施肥栽培技術を確立することを目的に， 毎日の窒素施用量が開花日，切り花品質に及ぼす影響を生育時期別に検討した。‘神馬’の点滴かん水施肥栽培では，窒素の施用量を 2.0kg/aまで削減しても慣行と同等の切り花品質が得られ，定植5日後〜消灯期に多く施用すると，切り花長，切り花重が優れ，また発蕾後〜開花期にかけて 多く施用すると，上位葉の葉面積が増大し，切り花品質が優れる傾向を示した。時期毎の施用量では，定植4日後〜消灯10日前期に5.3mg/日/株， 消灯10日前〜発蕾期に2.6mg，発蕾〜開花期に5.5mg施用すると慣行の施肥法に比べて切り花長，切り花重，上位葉のボリュームおよび草姿のバランスが優れた。 また，慣行施肥は，生育後期には土壌の肥料が流亡し，窒素含量が減少するのに対し，点滴かん水施肥は，毎日少量ずつの肥料を過不足なく供給するので， 生育後期でも硝酸態窒素約20mg/100gが植物体周辺に分布し，肥料供給が効率的であった。
[キ−ワ−ド：キク，点滴かん水施肥，生育時期，施肥量，切り花品質，上位葉]
Study on the Amount of Fertilizer Application by Crop Establishment Timing in the Drip Fertigation Technique on the Chrysanthemum 'Jinba'. MORIYAMA Tomoyuki, Syuichi HIMENO, and Osamu IDE (Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent., Chikushino, Fukuoka 818-8549, Japan) Bull. Fukuoka Agric. Res. Cent., 22: 90 - 94 (2003)
In order to establish a drip fertigation technique on the popular 'Jinba' variety of Fukuoka Prefecture, the effect of the amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer on the flowering date and quality of cut flowers in chrysanthemums harvested from January to February was examined by crop establishment timing. The same flower quality was attained by drip fertigation system as in conventional soil culture, even though applied nitrogen was reduced to 2.0kg per a. When an increased amount of nitrogen is applied from the fifth day of planting to light-out, longer stems and heavyer flowers were obtained. Also, when the amount of nitrogen application was increased after budding, to flowering, the area of the epistasis leaves increased and overall quality of cut flowers improved. For chrysanthemums to which nitrogen fertilizer was applied at the rates of 5.3mg/day/stock from the fourth day after planting to the 10th day before light-out, and from the ninth day before the light-out to budding 2.6mg and the budding to flowering, the length, weight, and volume of the leaves of the epistasis and grass figure were as excellent as those soil cultured. It was also noted in soil culture in the latter half of the grass growth, the amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer in the soil decreased, having been washed away. When the drip fertigation system was used, about 20mg/100g of nitrogen fertilizer remained around the plant body even in later half of the growth, because the measured amount of the fertilizer was given on daily basis. The system is found efficient for fertilizer applications.
[Key word : chrysanthemum, drip fertigation, crop establishment timing, amount of applied nitrogen fertilizer, quality of cut flower, epistasis leaf ]
